Abstract
Although many scholars deem non-invasive measures of neurophysiology to have promise in assessing learning, these measures are currently not widely applied, neither in educational settings nor in training. How can non-invasive neurophysiology provide insight into learning and how should research on this topic move forward to ensure valid applications? The current article addresses these questions by discussing the mechanisms underlying neurophysiological changes during learning followed by a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis of non-invasive neurophysiology in learning and training. This type of analysis can provide a structured examination of factors relevant to the current state and future of a field. The findings of the SWOT analysis indicate that the field of neurophysiology in learning and training is developing rapidly. By leveraging the opportunities of neurophysiology in learning and training (while bearing in mind weaknesses, threats, and strengths) the field can move forward in promising directions. Suggestions for opportunities for future work are provided to ensure valid and effective application of non-invasive neurophysiology in a wide range of learning and training settings.
Highlights
While behavioral methods, such as pre- and post-test assessments, are most commonly used to assess learning, non-invasive neurophysiological methods provide promising complementary options (Leff et al, 2011; Lai et al, 2013; Krigolson et al, 2015; Tinga et al, 2019a)
Considering the various aspects of the SWOT analysis, it is apparent that the field of neurophysiology in learning and training is developing rapidly with many opportunities existing and emerging
Weaknesses should be taken into account, such as the fact that neurophysiology responds to a wide variety of functions supported by the nervous system, and technical challenges related to synchronization and analysis of large amount of data
Summary
Many scholars deem non-invasive measures of neurophysiology to have promise in assessing learning, these measures are currently not widely applied, neither in educational settings nor in training. The current article addresses these questions by discussing the mechanisms underlying neurophysiological changes during learning followed by a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis of non-invasive neurophysiology in learning and training. This type of analysis can provide a structured examination of factors relevant to the current state and future of a field. Suggestions for opportunities for future work are provided to ensure valid and effective application of non-invasive neurophysiology in a wide range of learning and training settings
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