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Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that biomarkers of cardiovascular risk may be related to cerebral health. However, little is known about the role that non-fasting lipoproteins play in assessing age-related declines in a cerebral biomarker sensitive to vascular compromise, white matter (WM) microstructure. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is atheroprotective and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major atherogenic lipoprotein. This study explored the relationships between non-fasting levels of cholesterol and WM microstructure in healthy older adults. A voxelwise and region of interest approach was used to determine the relationship between cholesterol and fractional anisotropy (FA). Participants included 87 older adults between the ages of 59 and 77 (mean age = 65.5 years, SD = 3.9). Results indicated that higher HDL-C was associated with higher FA in diffuse regions of the brain when controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). HDL-C was also positively associated with FA in the corpus callosum and fornix. No relationship was observed between LDL-C and FA. Findings suggest that a modifiable lifestyle variable associated with cardiovascular health may help to preserve cerebral WM.
Highlights
Elevated levels of cholesterol are linked to atherosclerotic and cerebrovascular disease (Yaghi and Elkind, 2015)
The present study represents the first exploration of the relationship between non-fasting high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C, and white matter (WM) microstructure in a homogeneous sample of communitydwelling older adults
We found that High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was associated with WM microstructure (FA) in diffuse regions of the brain
Summary
Elevated levels of cholesterol are linked to atherosclerotic and cerebrovascular disease (Yaghi and Elkind, 2015). Hypercholesterolemia, high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and dyslipidemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), are associated with a number of neurological pathologies (Anstey et al, 2008; Crisby et al, 2010; Ward et al, 2010; Segatto et al, 2014). LDL-C is considered to be the major atherogenic lipoprotein (Young and Parthasarathy, 1994). HDL-C is known to play a role in reverse transport of free cholesterol (Genest et al, 1999; Von Eckardstein and Assmann, 2000), and is atheroprotective. Cholesterol and White Matter Health (Stein and Stein, 1999). A plethora of research demonstrates that proper regulation of lipoproteins preserves vascular health. Less is known about the relationship between cholesterol and neuroimaging measures of neuronal health, or white matter (WM) microstructure
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