Abstract
A collection of recent papers revisit how to quantify the relationship between information and work in the light of modern information theory, so-called single-shot information theory. This is an introduction to those papers, from the perspective of the author. Many of the results may be viewed as a quantification of how much work a generalized Maxwell’s daemon can extract as a function of its extra information. These expressions do not in general involve the Shannon/von Neumann entropy but rather quantities from single-shot information theory. In a limit of large systems composed of many identical and independent parts the Shannon/von Neumann entropy is recovered.
Highlights
This is an introduction to a new approach to statistical mechanics, which may be called single-shot statistical mechanics [1,2,3,4,5,6]
There are certain obstacles to people working on this approach: motivational, technical and conceptual
You may think of the work as energy transferred to another system, the work reservoir, during the transform of the Entropy 2013, 15 working medium system
Summary
This is an introduction to a new approach to statistical mechanics, which may be called single-shot statistical mechanics [1,2,3,4,5,6]. = 0: the second approach suddenly looks very bad This suggests that when there are significant fluctuations in the work output, the guaranteed work is more useful to know than the average work. Distinguishing between guaranteed and average work in these systems is crucial Another key motivation for this research direction was, and remains, the success of single-shot information theory in the context of quantum cryptography and quantum information more generally. It should in particular be noted that whilst I will here use the language of work extraction games [4] in particular uses the so-called resource theory paradigm This is not a review of the wide field of quantum/nano/non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
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