Abstract
A logical basis for incorporating pressure non-equilibrium and turbulent eddy viscosity in an incompressible vortex model is presented. The infrasonic acoustic source implied in our earlier work has been examined. Finally, this non-equilibrium turbulent vortex core is shown to dissipate mechanical energy more slowly than a Burgers vortex, helping us to explain the persistence of axial vortices in nature. Recent molecular dynamics simulations replicate aspects of this non-equilibrium pressure behavior.
Highlights
Zuckerwar and Ash1,2 have shown theoretically how fluids such as air and water can depart from thermodynamic equilibrium when subjected to intense local strain rates
In Ref. 4 (Ash, Zuckerwar, and Zardadkhan4 will be referred as AZZ), we examined strain rate driven departures from thermodynamic equilibrium in large-scale incompressible vortices, demonstrating the influence of relative humidity on the tornado core size and strength
Unlike the compressible flow or water cavitation radial limits assumed historically to bound large-scale vortices in nature, we demonstrate a more fundamental incompressible vortex core departure from thermodynamic equilibrium prior to reaching those limits
Summary
Zuckerwar and Ash have shown theoretically how fluids such as air and water can depart from thermodynamic equilibrium when subjected to intense local strain rates. In Ref. 4 (Ash, Zuckerwar, and Zardadkhan will be referred as AZZ), we examined strain rate driven departures from thermodynamic equilibrium in large-scale incompressible vortices, demonstrating the influence of relative humidity on the tornado core size and strength. V. The maximum out-of-equilibrium centerline pressure deficit is controlled by ambient density, ρ∞, and the ratio of the turbulent eddy viscosity to the pressure relaxation coefficient, i.e., ΔPMin. In the absence of phase change energy release, buoyancyinduced rotating air columns become dust devil vortices rather than tornadoes. After validating the pressure relaxation coefficient, we have employed the AZZ acoustic source model along with turbulent eddy viscosity to examine the large-scale vortex core structure and associated infrasonic sound generation. The steady-state, one-dimensional incompressible solutions P(r), vθ(r), have been utilized to test the usefulness of the AZZ model
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