Abstract
Under condition of oxidative stress, free radical mediated peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids generates in vivo , cyclic metabolites like the isoprostanes, neuroprostanes, dihomo-isoprostanes, isofuranes among a large number of key products which participate in many pathophysiological processes. These metabolites display a wide range of biological actions, and some of them are now the most reliable indicators of oxidative stress in humans. In this review, we will discuss several key points of our understanding of those cyclic polyunsaturated fatty acids derivatives, going from multi-step syntheses, analytical chemistry and biological activities.
Highlights
In mitochondrial and microsomal membranes, molecular dioxygen can be transformed into several reactive oxygen species (ROS)
In two case-controlled studies we have shown a significant increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IsoFs in Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients compared with their respective age- and gender-matched controls. aSAH patients had significantly increased levels of CSF F4-NeuroPs and F2-IsoPs
Our understanding of the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) peroxidation in the pathogenesis of various human diseases is at an early stage
Summary
In mitochondrial and microsomal membranes, molecular dioxygen can be transformed into several reactive oxygen species (ROS). The progression of lipid peroxidation will promote several changes, loss of physiological function of cell membrane, inactivation of enzymes and further biochemical changes will have both desirable and undesirable effects. For example they are in part responsible of disorders like stroke, myocardial infarction, inflammatory disorder, cancers, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases (Colavitti and Finkel, 2005; Il’yasova et al, 2008; Janssen et al, 2008; Steinberg et al, 1989). Linked to phospholipids in the membranes, it is released in the free form by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and
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