Abstract
In this study, we developed a viability evaluation method for pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds based on hyperspectral reflectance imaging. The reflectance spectra of pepper seeds in the 400–700 nm range are collected from hyperspectral reflectance images obtained using blue, green, and red LED illumination. A partial least squares–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model is developed to classify viable and non-viable seeds. Four spectral ranges generated with four types of LEDs (blue, green, red, and RGB), which were pretreated using various methods, are investigated to develop the classification models. The optimal PLS-DA model based on the standard normal variate for RGB LED illumination (400–700 nm) yields discrimination accuracies of 96.7% and 99.4% for viable seeds and nonviable seeds, respectively. The use of images based on the PLS-DA model with the first-order derivative of a 31.5-nm gap for red LED illumination (600–700 nm) yields 100% discrimination accuracy for both viable and nonviable seeds. The results indicate that a hyperspectral imaging technique based on LED light can be potentially applied to high-quality pepper seed sorting.
Highlights
Seeds are one of the most fundamental elements of agriculture and the value of the global seed market reached $7.8 billion in 2011
We used 300 normal seeds and 300 seeds that had been aged for 18 days to develop our model, where the viability was predicted from hyperspectral images
We investigated the optimal pretreatments of the spectra to enhance the classification performance of the partial least squares–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model
Summary
Seeds are one of the most fundamental elements of agriculture and the value of the global seed market reached $7.8 billion in 2011. Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are a typical spicy seasoning and one of the most popular vegetables in South Korea. Peppers are used as the raw materials in a variety of foods as seasonings, pepper paste, or kimchi. The selection of healthy seeds with high germination rates is important for ensuring a yield of high quality pepper. Good quality pepper seeds can improve products and reduce the unnecessary losses caused by defective pepper seeds during the production process, including sowing, growing, and harvesting. The traditional and most common methods for selecting superior seeds of high quality are based on physical properties, such as weight, as well as germination, biochemical, and physical tests [1]
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