Abstract
Smart materials based on carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) with embedded PZTsensors and actuators are expected to be a favourite composite for vibration damping andnoise reduction. Due to the wide variety of physical properties of the components, variousdamage mechanisms may reduce or even remove the sensing and actuating capabilities ofthe piezoceramic material. Comprehensive non-destructive characterization and integralhealth monitoring help to optimize the structure and its manufacturing and are essentialprerequisites to ensure performance and availability of smart components during theirlifetime. The first part of the paper presents high-resolution non-destructive imagingmethods including microfocus x-rays, ultrasonics and eddy currents. These methods areused to characterize damage resulting from non-optimal manufacturing and external load.The second part is dedicated to newly developed imaging techniques using the activepiezoceramics as transmitters of acoustic, electromagnetic and thermal fields. Thethird part focuses on health monitoring by impedance spectroscopy using thesame piezoceramics as for vibration damping. Electromechanical finite-elementmodelling and experimental investigations of strip-shaped specimens have shownthe close connection between mechanical properties and electrical impedance.
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