Abstract
This works aims to propose and demonstrate the accuracy of a novel method of characterization aimed for non-destructive analysis of microfiltration (MF) membrane cartridges. The method adapts conventional liquid–liquid displacement porosimetry (LLDP) for performing an in-line porosimetric analysis of the membrane cartridges, getting their pore size distributions (PSDs) and mean pore diameters (davg). Six commercial filtration cartridges featuring polyethersulfone (PES) pleated membranes were analyzed using a newly designed filtration rig, based on the liquid–liquid displacement porometer, developed at the Institut de la Filtration et des Techniques Séparatives (IFTS) and operated at constant flow. The experimental rig allows the direct and non-destructive characterization of the cartridge in its original presentation. Results have been compared with those obtained by using gas–liquid displacement porosimetry (GLDP) on small membrane coupons detached from such cartridges. The comparison allows us to conclude that the proposed method gives enough accuracy in the determination of porosimetric characteristics of the filters. This method can be used as a precise characterization technique for a non-destructive in-line study of filter performance and can be envisaged as useful to periodic quality or fouling control of the commercial cartridges.
Highlights
Microfiltration (MF) is a membrane process developed in the early 20th century
The cartridge filters were studied under a non-disclosure agreement that prevents the publishing of the company or product name
All the results presented in this study are consistent with the nominal values announced by the manufacturer for each filter
Summary
Microfiltration (MF) is a membrane process developed in the early 20th century. MF is, after dialysis, the first process developed in what is currently known as membrane technology.Following Traube’s pioneering work, Zsigmondy was the first to develop a cellulose nitrate membrane suitable for the sterilization of small amounts of fluid [1]. Microfiltration (MF) is a membrane process developed in the early 20th century. MF is, after dialysis, the first process developed in what is currently known as membrane technology. Following Traube’s pioneering work, Zsigmondy was the first to develop a cellulose nitrate membrane suitable for the sterilization of small amounts of fluid [1]. MF membrane cartridges [2]. After nearly a century of continuous development of membrane technology, sterilization is one of the most widely used applications of MF. The use of a 0.22–0.2 μm MF membrane before bottling is a recommended standard for avoiding the development of bacteria in water [3]. Applications of MF cover a broad range of processes in the water reuse, pharmaceutical, juice, and beverages industries
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