Abstract
We initiate the study of a new class of beyond the Standard Model states that we call “Loryons.” They have the defining characteristic of being non-decoupling, in the sense that their physical mass is dominated by a contribution from the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs boson. The stakes are high: the discovery of a Loryon would tell us that electroweak symmetry must be non-linearly realized in the effective field theory of the Standard Model. Loryons have their masses bounded from above by perturbative unitarity considerations and thus define a finite parameter space for exploration. After providing a complete catalog of Loryon representations under mild assumptions, we turn to examining the constraints on the parameter space from Higgs couplings measurements, precision electroweak tests, and direct collider searches. We show that most fermionic candidates are already ruled out (with some notable exceptions), while much of the scalar Loryon parameter space is still wide open for discovery.
Highlights
Their mass from the Higgs.1 The low-energy effects of such particles must be described by the U(1)em-symmetric Higgs EFT (HEFT) rather than the SU(2)L × U(1)Y -symmetric Standard Model EFT (SMEFT)
We initiate the study of a new class of beyond the Standard Model states that we call “Loryons.” They have the defining characteristic of being non-decoupling, in the sense that their physical mass is dominated by a contribution from the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs boson
We present a sharp criterion for determining when the local EFT obtained by integrating out these custodial irreducible representations must be HEFT and use this to define the parameter space of interest for Loryons
Summary
Our starting point is to enumerate the BSM Loryons that have a possibility of being phenomenologically viable. Our first goal will be to specify their SM quantum numbers and to understand the implications for the allowed mass terms and couplings to the Higgs field in subsection 2.1. We will discuss the connection to HEFT in subsection 2.2 by specifying the conditions under which integrating out a Loryon requires matching the resulting theory onto HEFT. In these cases, the mass of the Loryons are bounded from above by perturbative unitarity considerations, which we will explore in subsection 2.3
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