Non-conventional water sources for small remote communities in developing countries

Abstract

In Egypt, thousands of small communities are scattered in the desert and remote sea shores where conventional water sources are scarce. Means for providing clean water are vital. Further, water management and reuse schemes must be developed. The present paper summarizes some key issues that has to be considered when planning water supply systems. Some proper desalting technologies have been discussed. The impact of energy status in certain community on the selection of water supply system has been thoroughly investigated. Proper water management policies for those remote small communities were suggested. The paper emphasizes the role of sociocultural and socio-economic factors when designing water supply systems. Some economic indicators from the Egyptian experience were presented.