Abstract
Vein recognition technology identifies human vein characteristics under near-infrared light and compares it with stored vein information for personal identification. Although this has high anti-counterfeiting performance, it is possible to fabricate artificial hands that simulate vein characteristics to deceive the identity authentication system. In view of this potential deficiency, we introduced heart rate information to vein authentication, a means of living body detection, which can further improve the anti-counterfeiting effect of vein authentication. A hand vein transillumination imaging experiment was designed to prove its effectiveness. In the proposed method, a near-infrared light source is used to transilluminate the hand, and the transillumination images are collected by a common camera. Then, the region of interest is selected for gray-scale image processing, the feature value of each frame is extracted by superimposing and averaging the images, and then the one-dimensional pulse wave is drawn. Furthermore, the baseline drift phenomenon is filtered by morphological methods, and the maximum percentage frequency is determined by Fast Fourier Transform, that is, the pulse wave frequency. The heart rate value is then calculated, and finally, the stability of the heart rate detection result is evaluated. The experiment shows that the method produces accurate and stable results, demonstrating that it can provide living information (heart rate value) for vein authentication, which has great application prospects and development opportunities in security systems.
Highlights
Where, N is the number of video samples used for heart rate detection, Cov refers to the covariance, Standard Deviation (SD) represents the standard deviation, HRim and HRig represent the measured and true values in the i-th video, respectively, HRim and HRig are the average value of the detected heart rate of all sample videos and the average of the actual values of the tested sample videos, respectively
If the purpose is only to determine whether the body is alive, it is only necessary to confirm whether the heart rate can be detected; we plan to further use heart rate information to assess the emotional state of the subject
If the heart rate value is not within the normal range, the individual may be under duress or experiencing extreme anger, in which case, the user is be unable to perform normal authentication, which can further ensure the security of the system
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Since traditional heart rate monitoring methods, such as electrocardiographic signal and arterial blood pressure methods, require contact with the skin, users may experience discomfort, and it is not suitable for obtaining heart rate parameters when applied in the field of biometrics. Vein authentication can be improved by combing heart rate information obtained based on the iPPG method to perform living body recognition. This approach can prevent internal information leakage and fraud, and assess the emotional state of the human person. The pulse wave frequency is obtained through the Fourier transform, which realizes the detection of the heart rate This method provides heart rate information during vein authentication, thereby ensuring that the subject is a living body, which has high a practical application value
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