Non-action Video Game Training Ameliorates Cognitive Decline Associated with Sleep Disturbance

Abstract

Sleep disturbance is quite prevalent among students which leads to deleterious consequences on cognitive behavior. Non-action video game training has been shown to improve many aspects of higher order mental functions; therefore, we investigated the effect of same on sleep quality and cognitive functions in sleep-disturbed university students. The study was a randomized controlled type where participants (n = 30) were assigned into two groups: control and experimental. The subjects in the experimental group completed 4 weeks of computerized non-action video game training. Pre- and post-training measures were taken for sleep quality using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Cognitive functions were tested using PennCNP, computerized neuropsychological battery. Electrophysiological correlates of cognition were evaluated by P300 event-related potential using auditory oddball paradigm. We found significant decrease in both PSQI and ESS scores in the experimental group as compared to the control group, indicating improvement in sleep. The scores for reaction time, visual memory, and logical reasoning showed improvement in video game learners as compared to the control group. The P300 data showed a decrease in latency and increase in amplitude with video game training in sleep-disturbed students indicating improvement in cognition. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the increase in cognitive function was associated with gains in sleep quality. The present study showed that 4 weeks of non-action video game training improved sleep quality and cognitive functions in sleep-disturbed university students.