Nomograms Combining PHI and PI-RADS in Detecting Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Study

Abstract

(1) Background: The study aimed to construct nomograms to improve the detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) in the Asian population. (2) Methods: This multicenter prospective study included a group of 293 patients from three hospitals. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors and construct nomograms. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility were used to assess the performance of the nomogram. The web-based dynamic nomograms were subsequently built based on multivariable logistic analysis. (3) Results: A total of 293 patients were included in our study with 201 negative and 92 positive results in PCa. Four independent predictive factors (age, prostate health index (PHI), prostate volume, and prostate imaging reporting and data system score (PI-RADS)) for PCa were included, and four factors (age, PHI, PI-RADS, and Log PSA Density) for CSPCa were included. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for PCa was 0.902 in the training cohort and 0.869 in the validation cohort. The AUC for CSPCa was 0.896 in the training cohort and 0.890 in the validation cohort. (4) Conclusions: The combined diagnosis of PHI and PI-RADS can avoid more unnecessary biopsies and improve the detection rate of PCa and CSPCa. The nomogram with the combination of age, PHI, PV, and PI-RADS could improve the detection of PCa, and the nomogram with the combination of age, PHI, PI-RADS, and Log PSAD could improve the detection of CSPCa.