Abstract
Four stomatopod species described in the 18th century, the names of which have not or not consistently been used in modern literature, are now identified. The name Astacus vitreus Fabricius, 1775 (fam. Lysiosquillidae), is a senior synonym of the well-known and widely used name Lysiosquilla scabricauda (Lamarck, 1818). As the reintroduction of the specific name vitrea will cause an undesirable confusion, it is advised to have this specific name suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature in order to save the name scabricauda. The other three names Squilla phalangium Fabricius, 1798 (fam. Nannosquillidae), S. ichneumon Fabricius, 1798, and Cancer neptuni Linnaeus, 1768 (both fam. Squillidae), are senior synonyms of respectively Acanthosquilla acanthocarpus (Claus, 1871), Cloridina microphthalma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) and Alima alba (Bigelow, 1893). As neither of the three species is common or well known, there is no reason not to follow the International Code strictly here. For each of the three a neotype has been ,selected.
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