Abstract
When a natural gas transmission and distribution station performs a planned or emergency venting operation, the jet noise produced by the natural gas venting pipe can have an intensity as high as 110 dB, thereby severely affecting the production and living environment. Jet noise produced by venting pipes is a type of aerodynamic noise. This study investigates the mechanism that produces the jet noise and the radiative characteristics of jet noise using a computational fluid dynamics method that combines large eddy simulation with the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings acoustic analogy theory. The analysis results show that the sound pressure level of jet noise is relatively high, with a maximum level of 115 dB in the low-frequency range (0–1000 Hz), and the sound pressure level is approximately the average level in the frequency range of 1000–4000 Hz. In addition, the maximum and average sound pressure levels of the noise at the same monitoring point both slightly decrease, and the frequency of the occurrence of a maximum sound pressure level decreases as the Mach number at the outlet of the venting pipe increases. An increase in the flow rate can result in a shift from low-frequency to high-frequency noise. Subsequently, this study includes a design of an expansion-chamber muffler that reduces the jet noise produced by venting pipes and an analysis of its effectiveness in reducing noise. The results show that the expansion-chamber muffler designed in this study can effectively reduce jet noise by 10–40 dB and, thus, achieve effective noise prevention and control.
Highlights
Four major types of pollution in the world are noise pollution, air pollution, exhaust gas pollution, and water pollution.[1,2,3] Noise pollution, a type of physical pollution, directly impinges on the ears of humans and has an instant effect, but it does not have a residual effect and will not gradually accumulate.[4]
The maximum sound pressure level (SPL) is controlled below 90 dB
The SPL of jet noise produced during a gas venting process at a natural gas storage and transmission station can be greater than 110 dB
Summary
Four major types of pollution in the world are noise pollution, air pollution, exhaust gas pollution, and water pollution.[1,2,3] Noise pollution, a type of physical pollution, directly impinges on the ears of humans and has an instant effect, but it does not have a residual effect and will not gradually accumulate.[4]. Simulation of the radiated sound field of the jet flow from a venting pipe Generally, the venting pipe at a natural gas station is placed at a relatively high location, and there is some distance between the outlet of the venting pipe and the ground. Under actual working conditions, noise can be controlled by controlling the flow rate at the outlet of the venting pipe within a reasonable range
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