Noise-Robust Quantum Teleportation With Counterfactual Communication

Abstract

Direct counterfactual communication (DCC) based on the dynamic quantum Cheshire cat effect is an interesting protocol for <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">particle-less</i> information transfer. In this paper, we propose a noise-robust, completely counterfactual, teleportation scheme based on the modified DCC. We show that our scheme does not require any <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a priori</i> shared phase reference; an essential requirement for conventional teleportation schemes. For our modified DCC, we investigate the noise acting on the remotely controlled properties of a photon, i.e., path and polarization. We show that our proposed modification and resulting teleportation scheme are robust against channel delay and dephasing noise. While for photonic loss, depolarizing, and bit-flip noise, it is possible to obtain the correct state given only the channel state information.