Abstract
Pulse arrival time is the time interval which is needed for pulse wave to travel the distance from the heart to some distal place on the body. Almost all definitions of pulse arrival time estimation are based on high quality photoplethysmogram signals. However, when subject movement is involved movement artifacts dominate in the signal, e.g., records from orthostatic test, and estimation of pulse arrival time becomes complicated. The aim of this study is to present pulse arrival time estimation method which is based on instantaneous phase shift estimation between extracted fundamental frequency components and compare it with a classical method which based on photoplethysmogram signal derivative maximum. The results showed that the proposed method is better for pulse arrival time estimation when signals are noisy. The method yielded pulse arrival time with the highest agreement, accuracy, precision and lowest variability. There is high intraclass correlation when signal to noise ratio are 0 dB and 10 dB (0.5317 and 0.8630). The classical method incorrectly estimates pulse arrival time when are using real signals. However, larger dataset is needed in order to get statistically significant results. Variability of pulse arrival time and arterial blood pressure is higher in the vertical posture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.8.8442
Highlights
Pulse arrival time (PAT) is the time interval which is needed for pulse wave to travel the distance from the heart to some distal place on the body [1]
The aim of this study is to present a PAT estimation method which is based on instantaneous phase shift estimation between extracted fundamental frequency components from multimodal cardiac signals (ECG and PPG) and to compare this method with a classical PAT estimation method based on PPG signal derivative maximum [10]
The accuracy of PAT estimation by the different methods was evaluated by the mean absolute difference, mean difference and Root mean square error (RMSE) of clean and noisy PPG signal
Summary
Pulse arrival time (PAT) is the time interval which is needed for pulse wave to travel the distance from the heart to some distal place on the body (e.g., finger, forehead, earlobe, toe) [1]. The main application is estimation of arterial blood pressure (ABP), because PAT is highly related with ABP [2]. E.g., are estimation of baroreflex sensitivity [3], cardiac output [4], respiratory rate [5], arterial stiffness [6]. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals are usually used for PAT estimation. Beginning point of PAT is the ECG R wave, because the ECG signal is well known and widely used. The end point of PAT is not defined unambiguously. There are a few local places in PPG signal wave that are used as the end point of PAT (Fig. 1) [7], [8]
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