Noise-Induced Origin of the Fundamental Scalar Field

B I Lev,A G Zagorodny

doi:10.4236/jmp.2020.114032

Abstract

The physical nature of the fundamental scalar field generation and hence the origination of the Universe is a matter of the discussions for many years. We propose to use the statistical approach to the description of the steady states of the quasi stationary systems with the elements of the quantum field theory methods as a basis to explain the appearance of the cosmological scalar field. Particularly, we apply two fundamental principles, i.e., the H-theorem and least-energy principle to show principal possibility of the scalar field origination. Along with the basic statement that in the presence of the fundamental scalar field, the energy of the vacuum ground state is lower than the ground state energy of the vacuum with no scalar field (primary vacuum), and with regard to the nonlinear interaction of fluctuating physical fields with the scalar field, these principles are employed to reveal probable phase transitions that may be associated with origin and further evolution of the Universe. Thus, we propose the possible physical justification of the spontaneous cosmological scalar field generation.

Highlights

Modern notions on the reason for the formation of the Universe imply an instability of some scalar fields associated with the quantum nature of the matter [1]
Along with the basic statement that in the presence of the fundamental scalar field, the energy of the vacuum ground state is lower than the ground state energy of the vacuum with no scalar field, and with regard to the nonlinear interaction of fluctuating physical fields with the scalar field, these principles are employed to reveal probable phase transitions that may be associated with origin and further evolution of the Universe
Standard cosmological models involve a scenario of the Universe nucleation and expansion based on a scalar field which is of fundamental importance for the unified theories of weak, strong, and electromagnetic interactions with spontaneous symmetry breaking [1]

Summary

Introduction

Modern notions (rather hypotheses) on the reason for the formation of the Universe imply an instability of some (hypothetical) scalar fields associated with the quantum nature of the matter [1]. The reasons and physical mechanism of the appearance of this field, and of the origination of the Universe, remain for many years a question open for a discussion. In the case of spontaneous generation of the scalar field in vacuum, the ground-state energy of the “new” vacuum (i.e. the initial vacuum plus the scalar field) for the fields of other nature should be lower than the ground state energy of the “initial” vacuum. Calculations of the partition function for this system reveal a probability of a phase transition from the state with zero scalar field to the state with finite spontaneously generated scalar field

Statistical Distribution in Energy Space

Origin of Classical Fundamental Scalar Field

Conclusions