Abstract

A theory of audible noise generation in bench-top ultrasonic cleaners is presented. Strong audible noise is generated when the ultrasound intensity exceeds a cavitation threshold with harmonic, subharmonic and broad-band noise generation. In conventional bench-top cleaners the highest intensities occur in the immediate vicinity of the ultrasonic transducers. According to the proposed theory the audible noise is produced there. A method of avoiding this ultrasound concentration and audible noise generation using point source transducers is described, and experimental results supporting a theory of their operation are given.

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