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Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the changes in molecules related to perineuronal nets (PNNs) and synaptic transporters in the primary auditory cortices of rats with noise-induced hearing loss. Female Sprague–Dawley rats at postnatal day 7 were divided into the noise and control groups. Four hours of 115 dB SPL white noise was delivered for 10 days to the noise group. Thirty days after noise exposure, the primary auditory cortex and the inferior colliculus were harvested. The expression levels of vesicular glutamatergic transporter (VGLUT)1, VGLUT2, vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)67, brevican, aggrecan, MMP9, and MMP14 were evaluated using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or western blot. An immunofluorescence assay was conducted to assess parvalbumin (PV), Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA), and brevican. The immune-positive cells were counted in the primary auditory cortex.ResultsThe expression level of VGLUT1 in the primary auditory cortex was decreased in the noise group. The expression level of VGLUT2 in the inferior colliculus was elevated in the noise group. The expression levels of brevican and PV + WFA in the primary auditory cortex were decreased in the noise group. The expression level of MMP9 in the primary auditory cortex was increased in the noise group.ConclusionNoise-induced hearing loss during the precritical period impacted PNN expression in the primary auditory cortex. Increased MMP9 expression may have contributed to the decrease in brevican expression. These changes were accompanied by the attenuation of glutamatergic synaptic transporters.
Highlights
This study aimed to investigate the changes in molecules related to perineuronal nets (PNNs) and synaptic transporters in the primary auditory cortices of rats with noise-induced hearing loss
Changes in the expression levels of vesicular synaptic transporters The mRNA expression level of Vesicular glutamatergic transporter (VGLUT1) was decreased in the primary auditory cortex of the noise group (1.00 vs. 0.69 for control vs. noise groups, P = 0.02, d.f. = 8, Mann–Whitney U test) (Fig. 3)
The protein expression level of VGLUT1 was reduced in the primary auditory cortex of the noise group (1.00 vs. 0.83 for control vs. noise groups, P = 0.02, d.f. = 8, Mann–Whitney U test)
Summary
This study aimed to investigate the changes in molecules related to perineuronal nets (PNNs) and synaptic transporters in the primary auditory cortices of rats with noise-induced hearing loss. Thirty days after noise exposure, the primary auditory cortex and the inferior colliculus were harvested. The immune-positive cells were counted in the primary auditory cortex. Previous studies reported changes in PNNs in the primary auditory cortex following auditory deprivation [6, 7]. Noise-induced hearing loss in postnatal 4-weekold mice reduced PNNs, and this change was initiated as early as 1 day after noise exposure [6]. The density of PV-positive cells was not changed, the attenuation of PNN density lasted at least 30 days following
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