Abstract
For public health policy and planning it is important to understand the relative contribution of environmental noise on health compared to other environmental stressors. Air pollution is the primary environmental stressor in relation to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This paper reports a narrative review of studies in which the associations of both environmental noise and air pollution with health have been examined. Studies of hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, mortality and cognitive outcomes were included. Results suggest independent effects of environmental noise from road traffic, aircraft and, with fewer studies, railway noise on cardiovascular outcomes after adjustment for air pollution. Comparative burden of disease studies demonstrate that air pollution is the primary environmental cause of disability adjusted life years lost (DALYs). Environmental noise is ranked second in terms of DALYs in Europe and the DALYs attributed to noise were more than those attributed to lead, ozone and dioxins. In conclusion, in planning and health impact assessment environmental noise should be considered an independent contributor to health risk which has a separate and substantial role in ill-health separate to that of air pollution.
Highlights
IntroductionA wide range of environmental stressors have an impact on the health of children and adults.Understanding which pollutants have the greatest magnitude of effect on health can have implicationsInt
A wide range of environmental stressors have an impact on the health of children and adults.Understanding which pollutants have the greatest magnitude of effect on health can have implicationsInt
Noise is largely produced by the engine and by the contact of tyres on the ground, while air pollution is emitted from the exhaust from the engine
Summary
A wide range of environmental stressors have an impact on the health of children and adults.Understanding which pollutants have the greatest magnitude of effect on health can have implicationsInt. Studies have been published examining the associations of air pollution with health [2] Because transport sources, such as road traffic, are responsible for both noise exposure and air pollution there has been an interest in understanding the relative contribution of noise exposure and air pollution to health. In terms of public health, and for practical use in health impact assessment, it would be helpful to understand the relative contribution of these different environmental stressors to health outcomes. In this context, this paper examines the evidence for the contribution of environmental noise exposure, largely road, rail and aircraft noise on health, relative to air pollution
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
