Abstract
In this article, an analysis of noise sources and their impact on the overall noise performance in a digitally conditioned and high sensitivity Giant Magneto-Impedance (GMI) sensor is proposed. The digital conditioning is based on a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) and a Digital-Down-Converter (DDC) fully implemented in real time using a Field-Programmable-Gate-Array (FPGA). The noise analysis considers the equivalent magnetic noise, which limits the detection resolution. An analytical model is developed to quantify the voltage noise spectral density of each noise source involved in the digital GMI sensor and its contribution to this total equivalent magnetic noise in the white noise region. The equivalent magnetic white noise level expected by this model fits the measurement. For a sensing element in off-diagonal configuration, made up of a 400 turns coil wound around a 2.5 cm Co-rich GMI wire, equivalent magnetic noise of 33 pT/Hz and 1.8 T/Hz were obtained at 1 Hz and in the white noise region, respectively. Some rules to improve these promising performances are discussed.
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