Abstract
The aimed to evaluate the influence of different glyphosate formulations in nodulation, agronomic performance and RR soybean seeds yield, grown in two sowing periods. The experimental design was the casualized blocks with treats disposed in four replicates, being organized in factorial scheme, two seeding periods x five glyphosate formulations. The measured characters were number of nodules per plant, number of active nodules, number of inactive nodules, height of the first legume insertion, plant height, number of legumes per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of thousand seeds and yield of seeds per plant. The isopropylamine salt influences nodular activity, number of vegetables and seeds per plant, as well as seed yield. The sowing of soybeans at the recommended time propitiates smaller modifications face to glyphosate formulations. mulations.
Highlights
Soybean is the crop with main grain exportation in Brazil
Glyphosate is a systemic herbicide of broad spectrum, inhibiting the enzyme 5‐enolpyruvylshikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase (EPSP), responsible for catalyze the condensation of phosphoenolpyruvate, essential step in the shikimic acid biosynthesis (Berlvald et al, 2010; Malty, Siqueira, & Moreira, 2006), glyphosate is commonly used in RR soybean genotypes (Merotto-Junior, Wagner, & Meneguzi, 2015)
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different glyphosate formulations in nodulation, agronomic performance and RR soybean seeds yield, grown in two sowing periods
Summary
Soybean is the crop with main grain exportation in Brazil. The 2017/2018 crop season revealed a production of 118 million tons of grains and a cultivated area of 35 million hectares (Matsumoto et al, 2017 Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento [CONAB], 2018; Frota et al, 2020; Ferreira et al, 2020; Hanyu, Costa, Cecon, & Matsuo, 2020; Soares, Sediyama, & Matsuo, 2020), being surpassed only by United States. Even though RR soybean is resistant to this molecule, there are cases where farmers verify toxicity effects after post-emergence spraying, resulting in leaf chlorosis (Basso, Santi, Lamego, & Girotto 2011), nutritional unbalance (Cavalieri, Velini, Silva, São-José, & Andrade, 2012) and negative effect in soil microbiota (Dallmann, Scheneider, & Kuhn, 2010). These effects can be caused by the utilization of non-recommended doses of the product, inadequate formulation for post-emergence use, or the addiction of other non-recommended products in the spraying volume (Santos, Ferreira, Oliveira, Silva, & Fialho, 2007a)
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