Abstract
Railway environmental monitoring is essential to ensure the safe operation of trains. WSN has great potential in environmental detection, space exploration, smart home, military and other fields. In this paper, The WSN monitoring network is built by deploying relay/sensor nodes along two sides of the rail, to realize the railway environmental monitoring. The problem of “energy hole” caused by uneven energy consumption of nodes in linear WSN is discussed, and a non-uniform distance correlation deployment strategy is designed. In the strategy, the rectangular monitoring region is divided into multiple triangular region. And, the relationship among the number of sensor nodes, the area of unit triangle, the distance between the triangle vertices (relay nodes) and the energy consumption of relay nodes is analyzed. The simulation results have showed that the proposed algorithm has the smaller energy consumption gap between relay nodes, compared with uniform and non-uniform uncorrelated deployment algorithms. It ensures the stability of the whole network energy consumption, and has better performance in prolonging the network lifetime.
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