Nocturnal Blood Pressure Fall Changes in Correlation With Urinary Sodium Excretion

Abstract

HomeHypertensionVol. 52, No. 2Nocturnal Blood Pressure Fall Changes in Correlation With Urinary Sodium Excretion Free AccessLetterPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessLetterPDF/EPUBNocturnal Blood Pressure Fall Changes in Correlation With Urinary Sodium Excretion Katia Coelho Ortega, Giovanio Vieira da Silva and Décio MionJr Katia Coelho OrtegaKatia Coelho Ortega Hypertension Unit, Nephrology Division, University of São Paulo–School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Search for more papers by this author , Giovanio Vieira da SilvaGiovanio Vieira da Silva Hypertension Unit, Nephrology Division, University of São Paulo–School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Search for more papers by this author and Décio MionJrDécio MionJr Hypertension Unit, Nephrology Division, University of São Paulo–School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Search for more papers by this author Originally published7 Jul 2008https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.115394Hypertension. 2008;52:e10Other version(s) of this articleYou are viewing the most recent version of this article. Previous versions: July 7, 2008: Previous Version 1 To the Editor:In the April 2008 issue of Hypertension, Bankir et al1 analyzed the data of 325 subjects divided into tertiles of the day:night ratio of urinary sodium excretion. Subjects in tertile 3 were qualified as “high daytime sodium excretors” because they excreted sodium at a rate that was 46% higher during daytime than during nighttime, whereas subjects in tertile 1 were “low daytime sodium excretors” and excreted 3 times less sodium during daytime than during nighttime. The nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping was significantly lower in tertile 1 than in other tertiles, especially for systolic BP. Thus, the authors suggested that the capacity to excrete sodium during daytime is the main determinant of nocturnal BP and dipping.However, the mechanisms associated with the reproducibility of the circadian BP pattern remain to be elucidated. It is well known that when ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) is repeated without interventions in the short2 or long term,3 a spontaneous change may occur in the nocturnal BP.Thus, we4 investigated whether individuals with a spontaneous change in the nocturnal BP fall have any differences in physiological mechanisms of BP control. Normotensive and hypertensive subjects underwent two 24-hour ABPM recordings separated by 30 days and also measurements in the same period of plasma renin activity, aldosterone, catecholamines, and 24-hour urinary sodium/potassium excretion.Twenty-three individuals (50%) maintained the same nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP fall profile, “dipper” (n=14) or “nondipper” (n=9), designated as the “maintained” group. In 23 individuals (50%), the nocturnal BP fall profile changed, from dipper to nondipper (n=16) or from nondipper to dipper (n=7), called the “changed group.” The maintained and changed groups were not different in relation to age, body mass index, gender, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, catecholamines, and 24-hour urinary potassium excretion.However, it was observed that, in the changed group, the subgroup that changed from dipper (ABPM 1) to nondipper (ABPM 2) had a significant increase in nocturnal BP on ABPM 2 (123±16 to 131±19 mm Hg; P<0.05) and lower urinary sodium excretion (151±65 versus 112±48 mEq/24 hours; P<0.05) and a negative correlation between the difference in nighttime ambulatory systolic BP (ABPM 1 − ABPM 2) and in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (r=−0.63; P=0.01).A explanation for this finding could be that the subjects in this subgroup probably had an elevation in nocturnal systolic BP during the second 24-hour recording because of lower sodium excretion in the daytime, as showed by Bankir et al.1 For a better understanding of this subject, further studies should be done to investigate the sodium excretion during daytime and nighttime in two 24-hour ABPM recordings.Source of FundingThis work was supported by a grant from FAPESP (03/08257-9).DisclosuresNone.1 Bankir L, Bochud M, Maillard M, Bovet P, Gabriel A, Burnier M. Nighttime blood pressure and nocturnal dipping are associated with daytime urinary sodium excretion in African subjects. Hypertension. 2008; 51: 891–898.LinkGoogle Scholar2 Mochizuki Y, Okutani M, Donfeng Y, Iwasaki H, Takusagawa M, Kohno I, Umetani K, Ishii H, Ijiri H, Komori S, Tamura K. Limited reproducibility of circadian variation in blood pressure dippers and nondippers. Am J Hypertens. 1998; 11: 403–409.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3 Omboni S, Parati G, Palatini P, Vanasia A, Muiesan ML, Cuspidi C, Mancia G. Reproducibility and clinical value of nocturnal hypotension: prospective evidence from the SAMPLE study. J Hypertens. 1998; 16: 733–738.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4 Ortega KC, Mion D Jr. Sodium excretion and nocturnal blood pressure fall. World Congress of Nephrology 2007; April 21–25, 2007; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Book of Abstracts WCN T-PO-. 2007; 1171: 387.Google Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails August 2008Vol 52, Issue 2 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.115394PMID: 18606898 Originally publishedJuly 7, 2008 PDF download Advertisement SubjectsDiagnostic TestingHypertension