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Abstract
In this review, we summarize the rapid progress that has been made in the study of noble gas chemistry in solid compounds under high pressure. Thanks to the recent development of first-principles crystal structure search methods, many new noble gas compounds have been predicted and some have been synthesized. Strikingly, almost all types of chemical roles and interactions are found or predicted in these high-pressure noble gas compounds, ranging from cationic and anionic noble gases to covalent bonds between noble gas atoms, and to hydrogen bond-like noble gas bonds. Besides, the recently discovered He insertion reactions reveal a unique chemical force that displays no local chemical bonding, providing evidence that research into noble gas reactions can advance the frontier of chemistry at the very basic level.
Highlights
For many years after their discovery, noble gases (NG) were known as elements that do not have any chemistry
The change of the chemistry and the formation of a plethora of atypical compounds can be roughly grouped into two kinds: those caused by the formation of homonuclear bonds and those caused by the change of oxidation states, both of which can be found in high-pressure noble gas compounds (Miao et al, 2020)
Many recent simulations and experiments showed that noble gases could have very rich chemistry under high pressure
Summary
For many years after their discovery, noble gases (NG) were known as elements that do not have any chemistry. We can drive chemical interactions to an extreme in solid compounds by applying mechanical pressures so that new chemistry can emerge Due to both the development of first-principles computer simulations (Zhang et al, 2017; Oganov et al, 2019; Miao et al, 2020) and the diamond anvil cell (DAC) experiments (Mao et al, 2018), numerous novel compounds have been predicted and some have been synthesized. Pressure can greatly enrich noble gas chemistry It goes far beyond the known NG compounds formed by sharing their closed-shell electrons with strong oxidants such as F. We will show that NG elements, under highpressure, can (1) be oxidized by elements such as Fe that usually are not considered as oxidants, (2) become an oxidant themselves and behave like anions in compounds, (3) form strong NG– NG covalent bonds, (4) form intermolecular NG bonds that are similar to hydrogen bonds, and (5) form stable compounds that are not bound by any local chemical bonds
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