Abstract

THIS YEAR'S Nobel prizes in Physiology or Medicine and in Chemistry go to two clinically oriented physicians and a chemist whose work is said to have contributed to high standards of living and health. In an unusual departure from favoring achievements in basic science, the Nobel committee announced that two American transplant surgeons will receive the prize in Physiology or Medicine. It will be shared by Joseph E. Murray, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass, and E. Donnall Thomas, MD, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Wash. The two, who have known each other since each was a resident at Peter Bent Brigham (now Brigham and Women's) Hospital after World War II, were commended for paving the way for transplantation in humans. Murray performed the first successful organ transplant in humans, a kidney procedure that involved identical twins, in 1954. He went on to breach the immunosuppressive barrier

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