Abstract
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Program (S-NPP) satellites were launched in late 2017 and 2011, respectively. This paper presents a recent update in the VIIRS thermal emissive bands (TEB) on-orbit calibration algorithm and inter-compares long-term instrument and TEB sensor data records (SDR) performances of the two VIIRS, to support user communities. The VIIRS TEB calibration algorithm was improved to mitigate calibration biases during the blackbody warm-up/cool-down (WUCD) events. Four WUCD bias correction methods were implemented in the NOAA operational processing in 2019: (1) the Nominal-F method, (2) the WUCD-C method, (3) the Ltrace method, and (4) the Ltrace-2 method. Our evaluation results indicate that the on-orbit performances of the two VIIRS instruments have been generally stable and comparable with each other, except that NOAA-20 VIIRS blackbody and instrument temperatures are lower than those of the S-NPP VIIRS. The degradations in the S-NPP TEB detector responsivities remain small after 9 years on-orbit. NOAA-20 detector responsivities have been generally stable after the longwave infrared degradation during its early mission was resolved by the mid-mission outgassing. NOAA-20 and S-NPP VIIRS TEB SDRs agree with co-located Cross-track Infrared Sounder observations, with daily averaged biases within 0.1 K at nadir. After the implementation of operational WUCD bias correction, residual TEB WUCD biases are similar for NOAA-20 and S-NPP, with daily averaged biases ~0.01 K in all bands.
Highlights
The purpose of this study is to present a recent update in the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) thermal emissive bands (TEB) on-orbit calibration algorithm and to compare long-term instrument and sensor data records (SDR) performances of the two VIIRS in the NOAA operational processing
Results show that 4 methods developed for Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Program (S-NPP) works for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20), with performances similar to that of S-NPP
WUCD bias correction evaluation results using S-NPP and NOAA-20 on-orbit observations will be given in Sections 3.3.2 and 4.1.2
Summary
The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-20 (NOAA-20) satellite, was launched on 18 November. 2017, following 6 years of successful operations of its predecessor on the Suomi National. Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) satellite that was launched on 28 October 2011 [1,2,3]. Both VIIRS instruments are equipped with 5 imaging bands (I-bands, 375 m at nadir), 16 moderate resolution radiometric bands (M-bands, 750 m at nadir), and one day/night. VIIRS has 7 thermal emissive bands (TEB), including three mid-wave infrared (MWIR, I4 and M12-M13) and four longwave infrared (LWIR, I5 and M14-M16)
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