Abstract
Blockchain applications are powered by smart contracts which perform crypto exchanges according to the policies set by developers. These transactions are free-of-conflict and transparent. Though at the end of day these are all computer programs which means they are not immune from bugs. In this paper We focus on most common and deadly vulnerability called re-entrancy, which has caused numerous DAO and DeFi attacks costing millions to organizations and end-users alike. We have researched all sub-types of re-entrancies and hence proposed a novel solution to mitigate them all by ensuring all state changes happen before calling external smart contracts and using function modifiers to apply mutual exclusion lock like protocol to prevent it. Moreover, we have also compared my solution with that of other solutions been proposed on scale of their gas cost efficiency.
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