Abstract
ObjectivesMovements to stem abortion accessibility and provision are underway across the southern United States. Preserving access to safe abortion requires a steady maternal health workforce. Targeted laws and limiting environments have contributed to a regional dearth of abortion providers. This study evaluates the consequences of restrictive environments for the abortion workforce to inform strategies to reduce the provider shortage in the South.MethodsWe recruited twelve physicians using purposive sampling and interviewed them on their motivations and experiences practicing in the South. We employed grounded theory analysis to translate their perspectives into recommendations for provider recruitment and retention.ResultsAbortion providers identified challenges relating to restrictive legislation, institutional separation of abortion from other medical services, training unavailability, safety concerns, identity struggles, and marginalization within their profession. This contributed to providers widely experiencing stigma and isolation within their work and life environments. Their motivations for practicing in the South despite these challenges included wanting to be impactful in areas of high need, combating health access disparites, and having personal ties to the region. Providers’ suggested increasing regional networking and training opportunities, creating an information clearinghouse, and offering additional compensation to better support their work. We conceptualized these findings into a framework detailing the challenges, impacts and opportunities for abortion provision in the southern United States.Conclusions for PracticeOur recommendations for provider recruitment and retention include cooperation between professional organizations, training programs, and healthcare institutions to create opportunities for training and networking and encourage abortion-supportive organizational and policy environments.
Highlights
One in four women in the United States (US) will have an abortion by age 45 (Jones & Jerman, 2017)
Seeking to offer strategies to mitigate regional abortion workforce shortages, this study proposes recommendations for provider recruitment and retention in the South
We interviewed seven female and five male abortion providers practicing in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Texas
Summary
One in four women in the United States (US) will have an abortion by age 45 (Jones & Jerman, 2017). Access to abortion and reproductive autonomy is linked to maternal outcomes, economic success, and general wellbeing (Bahn et al, 2018; Ralph et al, 2019). Research measuring women’s and children’s health against state abortion restrictions showed an inverse relationship between maternal. Maternal and Child Health Journal and child health (MCH) outcomes and the number of restrictions (Thompson & Seymour, 2017). States with 10 or more restrictions had the poorest MCH outcomes (Thompson & Seymour, 2017). Southern states, defined for this study as Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas each met that criteria, suffering from increasingly restrictive environments
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