Abstract
Although the initial clinical application of inhaled nitric oxide was for its vasodilatory role in pulmonary hypertension in term infants, nitric oxide showed positive effects in animal models of lung immaturity and lung injury: a reduction in lung inflammation,1 reduction in neutrophil infiltration into the lung,2 protection against oxidant lung injury,3 reversal of the effects of inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, and stimulation of angiogenesis and alveolarisation.4 On the basis of these findings, several studies were done to test the hypothesis that inhaled nitric oxide might preserve angiogenesis and alveolarisation, and therefore reduce lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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