Abstract
In a few small studies an association between blood group O and placental malaria has been described. The relationship between blood group and malaria in pregnancy (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum) was analyzed in 1,468 women from three longitudinal cohort studies in which weekly malaria screening was done systematically during pregnancy. One-third of women (447 of 1,468) had at least one malaria infection in pregnancy. The ABO blood group phenotype was not associated with the species of infection, frequency of malaria attacks, symptoms of malaria, hematocrit, or parasitemia during pregnancy.
Highlights
A few studies have addressed the association between the ABO blood group system and malaria during pregnancy
The birth weight for all blood groups compared with each other, and for blood group O versus non-O, were not significantly different. This is the first study to examine the relationship between ABO blood group phenotype in women prospectively and actively followed for malaria (P. falciparum and P. vivax) during pregnancy
There was no indication from this large cohort where nearly one-third of women were diagnosed with malaria during pregnancy that ABO blood group phenotype relates to 1) the species of infection, 2) frequency of malaria attacks, 3) symptoms of malaria, 4) hematocrit, and 5) parasitemia
Summary
A few studies have addressed the association between the ABO blood group system and malaria during pregnancy. Four studies from Africa (Gabon,[1] The Gambia,[2] Malawi,[3] and Sudan4) were recently reported in a single work (the total number of women studied was 1,516: 378, 198, 647, and 293 women respectively).[1] In The Gambia and Malawi, blood group O conferred a higher risk of active placental infection in primipara, but a significantly lower risk in multipara. We determined the relationship between blood group and malaria (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum) in pregnancy and pregnancy outcome analyzing longitudinal data from three cohort studies in which regular malaria screening was done systematically during pregnancy
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