NMR-Based Plasma Metabolomics at Set Intervals in Newborn Dairy Calves with Severe Sepsis.

Abdullah Basoglu,Ismail Sen,Leonardo Tenori,Gaia Meoni,Amir Naseri

doi:10.1155/2018/8016510

Abdullah Basoglu, Ismail Sen + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8016510

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Abstract

The aim of this first study was to reveal the new potential biomarkers by a metabolomics approach in severe septic calves. Sepsis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn dairy calves. The main challenges with the use of biomarkers of sepsis in domestic animals are their availability, cost, and time required to obtain a result. Metabolomics may offer the potential to identify biomarkers that define calf sepsis in terms of combined clinical, physiological, and pathobiological abnormalities. To our knowledge, this is the first study presenting an NMR- (nuclear magnetic resonance-) based plasma metabolomics at set intervals in neonatal septic calves. Twenty neonatal dairy calves with severe sepsis and ten healthy calves were used. Hematological and biochemical health profiles were gathered in plasma samples at set intervals. Similarly, NMR spectra were acquired. All diseased animals (except one) died after 72 hours. Clinical and laboratory results were in accordance with those of severe septic animals. Multivariate analysis on NMR plasma spectra proved to be an excellent tool for faster identification of calves with severe sepsis from healthy animals. The NMR-based metabolomic profile may contribute to the better understanding of severe sepsis in newborn calves.

Highlights

The mortality risk of live-born newborn calves, 1 month of age, has been reported to range from 15 to 30%
Diseased calves were treated by antibiotics and fluids, and critical care was performed, when needed. Their blood samples were taken at set intervals (0, 3, 6, 12, 48, and 72 h) after admission to the animal hospital, and serum and plasma samples were harvested by centrifuging the blood at 1000 ×g for 15 min at 4°C
This study has shown that NMR metabolomics could represent an optimal tool for faster identification of newborn calves with severe sepsis and a complementary tool to classical methods used until now to stratify better the prognosis in septic shock and severe sepsis

Summary

Introduction

The mortality risk of live-born newborn calves, 1 month of age, has been reported to range from 15 to 30%. The majority of deaths are attributable to infectious diseases; diarrhea, pneumonia, and sepsis are the most common. Newborn sepsis is the third most common cause of calf mortality in the United States (behind diarrhea and respiratory disease) and occurs most commonly in calves associated with failure of passive transfer. The early signs of sepsis in newborn calves are vague and nonspecific and are often indistinguishable from signs of noninfectious diseases or those of focal infections such as diarrhea. The laboratory diagnosis of sepsis is a mosaic of different technological and methodological approaches which are vital to the subsequent integration of the clinical picture and outcome of the septic patient [3]. The aim of the present study was to identify metabolomic biomarkers of sepsis in plasma by 1H-NMR spectroscopy to assess the severity and to predict outcomes

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