Abstract
BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a progressive and irreversible deterioration of lung function. Exacerbations of COPD have prolonged negative effects on pulmonary function and a major impact on health status and outcomes. NLRP3 inflammasome is a cardinal component of the inflammatory response, with marked evidence in stable and exacerbations of COPD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NLRP3 inflammasome activity during COPD exacerbation by using an in vitro model.MethodsA549 cells were stimulated with different concentrations (10%, 4%, 2%) of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) with or without LPS (0.1μg/ml) for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed by using XTT test. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-1β) were measured by ELISA and the activity level of NLRP-3 was evaluated by flow cytometry.ResultsCells exposed to CSE present an increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and MCP-1) production in a dose-dependent manner. Incubation with LPS to these cells results in higher levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 compared to stimulation of CSE alone. NLRP3 inflammasome activity and IL-1β levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to both CSE and LPS compared to CSE alone.ConclusionsNLRP3 inflammasome is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD and COPD exacerbation. Our findings provide novel biomarkers for COPD exacerbation and may present new targets for future research.
Highlights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition associated with cigarette smoke exposure and characterized by airflow limitation that is usually progressive
NLRP3 inflammasome activity and IL-1β levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to both cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and LPS compared to CSE alone
NLRP3 inflammasome is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD and COPD exacerbation
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition associated with cigarette smoke exposure and characterized by airflow limitation that is usually progressive. COPD is associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways, lungs, and serum [1,2]. COPD exacerbations have a major role in deterioration in health status and disease progression, as well as a decline in lung function after each exacerbation [3]. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a progressive and irreversible deterioration of lung function. Exacerbations of COPD have prolonged negative effects on pulmonary function and a major impact on health status and outcomes. NLRP3 inflammasome is a cardinal component of the inflammatory response, with marked evidence in stable and exacerbations of COPD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NLRP3 inflammasome activity during COPD exacerbation by using an in vitro model
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