Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are effector cells of the innate immune system and are important in the control of viral infection. Several key NK cell receptors have been associated with differential human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression and/or transmission. Moreover, HIV-1 has evolved multiple mechanisms to evade NK cell recognition, implying that NK cells can contribute to the control of HIV-1 infection. Within the past decade, our understanding of the interplay between NK cell immunity and HIV-1 pathogenesis has significantly expanded. This article summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to the role of NK cells in HIV-1 infection.
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