Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer in recent years. The value of nivolumab was initially assessed in patients previously treated with systemic therapy. The association of nivolumab with ipilimumab and the interaction of these antibodies on different immune checkpoints have proven effective in solid tumors (melanoma and renal cell carcinoma). The CheckMate-9LA study assessed the value of dual immunotherapy combined with platinum-based chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. A clinical benefit – prolonged overall survival in patients receiving combination therapy – was documented. The results of the CheckMate743 trial for patients with pleural mesothelioma provide a basis for changing the current management algorithm for patients with this diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with mesothelioma of a non-epithelioid type particularly benefit from two-drug immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy. Maintaining the safety of treatment using immunotherapy targeting two immune checkpoints remains the challenge.
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