Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Spheres Based on Schiff Base Reaction as an Anode Material for High-Performance Lithium and Sodium Ion Batteries.

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped carbon has great potential in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), considering N-doping can not only improve the surface wettability of carbon materials, but also accelerate charge transfer by generating additional defects. However, designing carbon materials with a high nitrogen content and uniform distribution using conventional doping methods remains a challenge. In this study, a hollow carbon sphere with an ultrahigh nitrogen content of 9.58 wt % was successfully fabricated by rationally designing Schiff base chemistry (PTA-NHCS-700). Stable hierarchical pore structures, moderate defects, and large specific surface areas were formed during the carbonization process. Excellent electrochemical performance was observed in LIBs (204.2 mAh g-1 after 7000 cycles at 5 A g-1 ) and SIBs (154.2 mAh g-1 after 10000 cycles at 5 A g-1 ). This study not only promotes the development of efficient carbon anode materials for LIBs and SIBs, but also provides a novel idea for the doping of heteroatoms with special chemical structures.