Abstract
High-energy-density enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are urgently needed not only as green energy conversion devices but also as energy generators for medical devices. Low enzyme loading efficiency and insufficient direct electron transfer (DET) between enzymes and electrodes greatly hamper the development of EBFCs. Herein, we fabricated nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres with large pores (pNHCSs) via a green microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (MWHM). Due to their three-dimensional structure and the incorporation of nitrogen, the pNHCS-functionalized electrode not only efficiently enriched the load of enzyme (ca. 8.65 × 10−10molcm−2) but also significantly facilitated DET rate (ca. 10.73s−1). Thus, the pNHCS-based EBFCs exhibited an outstanding maximum power output (Pmax), which achieved to 325 ± 0.6µWcm−2. Then, based on a dual-fuel-driven EBFC, we developed an innovative self-powered biosensor to sense two kinds of cancer-related microRNAs, miR-21 and miR-141, at the same time. The detection limits were as low as 0.1fM for miR-21 and 4.0fM for miR-141 (S/N = 3). This material has excellent potential in the development of superior green bio-batteries as well as economical and portable self-powered biomedical sensors.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
