Nitrogen regime of haplic Luvisol in orchards at fertilization

Elena Leonicheva,Tatyana Roeva,Maxim Stolyarov,Larisa Leonteva,E Renev,V Romanyuk,G Batalova,R Changzhong,Y Shavrokov

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213603013

Elena Leonicheva, Tatyana Roeva + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213603013

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Abstract

The aim of the investigation was to research the mineral nitrogen (Nmin) behavior in loamy haplic Luvisols of orchards located in the forest-steppe zone of the Central Russian Upland. The seasonal dynamics of N min (ammonium + nitrates) was studied during the growing seasons of 2018 and 2019 in field experiments with apple and sour cherry. Fertilizers were applied annually in spring at doses increasing from N30K40 to N120K160. The most important factors influencing the nitrogen dynamics were meteorological conditions, productivity of trees, peculiarities of nitrogen uptake by the studied crops. Fertilization of orchards with nitrogen contributed to an increase in Nmin content by 1.5 … 5 times, depending on the dose. The dynamics of Nmin in the soil of fertilized and unfertilized plots was similar and depended on the biological features of the crops: the lowest indicator’s level in the soil under sour cherry was in July during fruit ripening, while in the apple orchard a low nitrogen content was noted in August. Studies have shown that in the climatic conditions of the Central Russian Uplands, loamy haplic Luvisols without additional application of nitrogen fertilizers can provide a favorable level of nitrogen nutrition for apple and sour cherry trees in the first years of fruiting.

Highlights

The ecologically-friendly management of plants' mineral nutrition in agroecosystems is an actual problem of contemporary agriculture
The management of nitrogen nutrition is complicated in agroecosystems with perennial plants such as fruit trees since they are characterized by the uptake of nutrients for fruiting, and for the continuous growth and development of vegetative organs, as well as a well-developed ability to store elements and to re-utilize it later [3]
For apple orchards grown in the climatic conditions of the Central Russian Upland, a significant effect of meteorological conditions and tree productivity on the level of mineral forms of nitrogen in the soil has been shown [11, 12]

Summary

Introduction

The ecologically-friendly management of plants' mineral nutrition in agroecosystems is an actual problem of contemporary agriculture. The management of nitrogen nutrition is complicated in agroecosystems with perennial plants such as fruit trees since they are characterized by the uptake of nutrients for fruiting, and for the continuous growth and development of vegetative organs, as well as a well-developed ability to store elements and to re-utilize it later [3]. Especially in the first years after planting, the nitrogen utilization rate is quite low and amounts to 15 ... Since fruit crops distribute a significant part of assimilates into fruits that have a low content of nitrogenous compounds, trees do not need to continuously uptake large amounts of nitrogen from the soil. The economical use of nitrogen by trees in perennial plantations makes it possible to create fertilization systems for orchards that ensure sustainable productivity while safety of environmental requirements

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