Abstract
Summary The influence of the commonly used herbicides butachlor and thiobencarb on the population of 3 groups of N2- fixing microorganisms associated with three tropical rice soils incubated under non-flooded conditions was investigated. Application of thiobencarb at 2 and 4 ppm level inhibited the population of N2-fixing Azospirillum, anaerobic N2 fixers and Azotobacter in an alluvial soil; while the populations of anaerobic N2 fixers and Azotobacter were stimulated in an acid sulphate saline Pokkali soil. In a latente Sukinda soil butachlor at both levels stimulated the population of Azotobacter while thiobencarb inhibited. The extent of stimulation or inhibition, however, depended upon the concentration of the herbicide used. These results indicate that under non-flooded conditions the effect of herbicides on N2-fixing populations depended on the soil type, concentration of the herbicide and specific groups of N2-fixing bacteria associated with rice soils.
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