Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the establishment of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte) propagated vegetatively. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with treatments arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial design - two ages (70 and 85 days after planting) and four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha) - with four replications. Morphogenetic and structural characteristics and production were evaluated. The nitrogen accelerated the establishment of the forage peanut with an increase in dry weight of green leaves and stolons. The greatest length of stolons (48.0 cm) was obtained with a dose equivalent to 86 kg N/ha and higher density of stolons (20 stolons/vase) between 78 and 82 kg N/ha. Nitrogen fertilization also reduced the phyllochron from 6.7 to 4.6 days/leaf. These data were more intense at 85 days, suggesting greater photosynthetic contribution during this period related to the large number of leaves after 70 days. Therefore, nitrogen can be an important tool to accelerate the establishment of pure stands of forage peanut.
Highlights
The use of forage legumes has been an alternative to intensification of production of ruminants on pasture, improving and diversifying feed, and reducing costs
The objective was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the establishment of forage peanut
The nitrogen accelerated the establishment of the forage peanut with an increase in dry weight of green leaves and stolons
Summary
The use of forage legumes has been an alternative to intensification of production of ruminants on pasture, improving and diversifying feed, and reducing costs. According to Ramos et al (2010), the establishment of forage peanut can be considered very slow, depending on soil fertility, water regime, spread mode and density of seedlings, becoming one of the major limitations of the species. According to these authors, propagation by seeds would be the most practical and efficient way, but the development of the fruits of plants of the genus Arachis occurs below the ground, which makes it difficult to harvest the seeds. Appropriate management, combined with forage production strategies, such as fertilization, can assist in the rapid establishment of the pasture
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