Abstract
Chemically degraded soils are found all over the world. Fertilization is an essential agronomic technique for recovering fertility and productivity in these areas. In this context, the objective was to recover the productive capacity of a degraded Red Yellow Argisol, grown with Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, in the presence of mineral fertilization with increasing amounts of nitrogen, evaluating the production of plant mass, plant height, tillering and water consumption. The experiment was conducted in a screened shelter and humidity control, according to a completely randomized experimental design. The treatments were organized in a factorial scheme, 6 treatments (without fertilization, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 of nitrogen; 80 and 50, phosphorus and potassium for all treatments in g vase-1, respectively) corresponding to the amount of fertilizer applied in Kg ha-1, 4 cuts (performed every 30 days, starting 45 days after planting) and 5 repetitions. When fertilizing with 120 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen, it was obtained increase in fresh (655%) and dry (685%) mass when compared to the phytomasses of the treatment without fertilization, there was also an increase in the number of effective tillers and plant height, as the amounts of nitrogen applied increased in the soil. The maximum amount of nitrogen to be applied to the soil, in order to produce phytomass of B. decumbens in the condition of chemical degradation of the soil, obtained in the work was 120 Kg ha-1. In addition, the work allowed us to conclude that fertilization is an inexpensive and very important technique to recover the productive capacity of forage in the micro region of Brejo Paraibano, Northeast Brazil.
Highlights
Brazil stands out for the size of its bovine herd
The objective was to recover the productive capacity of a degraded Red Yellow Argisol, grown with Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, in the presence of mineral fertilization with increasing amounts of nitrogen, evaluating the production of plant mass, plant height, tillering and water consumption
In the Brejo Paraibano region, Northeast Brazil, Santos et al (2010) found that the substitution of native forest for livestock led to a generalized impoverishment of the soil, in relation to the levels of calcium, magnesium and potassium in Argisol Red Yellow
Summary
Brazil stands out for the size of its bovine herd. In the year 2018 it obtained the first place in the world ranking, with a herd of approximately 214,69 million head, for this, the country had a forage support of 162.19 million hectares of pastures (Abiec, 2019), of these, 111,77 million hectares are cultivated pastures and 46,74 million hectares of natural pastures (Ibge, 2017). In the Brejo Paraibano region, Northeast Brazil, Santos et al (2010) found that the substitution of native forest for livestock led to a generalized impoverishment of the soil, in relation to the levels of calcium, magnesium and potassium in Argisol Red Yellow In this way, soil correction and fertilization are less costly and efficient factors for the recovery of degraded areas (Santini et al, 2015). It has extraordinary drought tolerance, remaining green during the drought period, still resisting cold (except for frosts), fire, trampling and tolerating excessive humidity (Pupo, 1981) In this context, the objective was to recover the productive capacity of a degraded Red Yellow Argisol, grown with Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, in the presence of mineral fertilization with increasing amounts of nitrogen, evaluating the production of plant mass, plant height, tillering and water consumption
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