Nitrogen doses for common beans crop in the Cerrado region in the State of Bahia

Abstract

Commonbeans crop is very demanding in nutrients, where nitrogen is the most required by the crop. The nitrogen fertilization recommendations for the Cerrado in Western Bahia are based on recommendations elaborated for the Cerrado conditions in the BrazilianCentral-Westregion, and such recommendations may not be adequate, as the Cerrado in the state of Bahia is predominantly characterized by sandy soils and little rainfall than the otherareas of this biome, showing peculiar characteristics regarding the behavior of nitrogen in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses on the morphological characteristics, yield and quality of beans in the common beans crop in the Cerrado in the State of Bahia. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Barreiras, State of Bahia (BA), in a randomized block design, consisting of five nitrogen doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1) and four replications. The morphological attributes, grain yield and dry biomass and the physical and chemical quality of the grains were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the test of Tukeyat 5% and regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of N doses on the variables. Regarding morphology, the highest nitrogen doses had a positive influence on stem diameter and number of leaves. The maximum efficiency dose was 63 kg ha-1with productivity of 2,889.6 kg ha-1of grains, while the maximum dose of 240 kg ha-1increased the protein content in grains by 46% in relation to the absence of nitrogen fertilization.