Abstract
Electrocatalysts are vulnerable to be influenced during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process on the cathodes of direct methanol fuel cells, mainly by the reaction products and air-containing traces of acidic gas carbon dioxide (CO₂), leading to low activity and durability. Herein, an ORR catalyst was derived from furfural, nitrogen carbide (g-C₃N₄), and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) via a dual-template method, resulting in two-dimensional graphene-like carbon nanosheets with a micro–mesoporous architecture, large Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas (748 m²/g), an ultrahigh pyridinic nitrogen-doping level (13.6 wt %), and high degree of graphitization. The as-synthesized sample shows high ORR performance and robust durability in both alkaline and acidic electrolytes undergoing a gas mixture of O₂ and CO₂ (95:5), demonstrating a strong tolerance of CO₂ during the ORR process. Besides, the as-prepared material also exhibits competitive properties in the selective capture of CO₂ gas versus N₂. Thus, this work provides a facile route of preparing high-performance bifunctional carbonaceous materials in both ORR and CO₂ gas capture.
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