Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Anodic Stainless Steel Foils towards Flexible Supercapacitors.

Wenlei Zhang,Gang Li,Jianle Xu,Kaiying Wang

doi:10.3390/ma15041615

Wenlei Zhang, Gang Li + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041615

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Abstract

In this work, we report the fabrication and enhanced supercapacitive performance of nitrogen-doped nanoporous stainless steel foils, which have been prepared by electrochemical anodization and subsequent thermal annealing in ammonia atmosphere. The nanoporous oxide layers are grown on type-304 stainless steel foil with optimal thickness ~11.9 μm. The N-doped sample exhibits high average areal capacitance of 321.3 mF·cm−2 at a current density of 1.0 mA·cm−2, 3.6 times of increment compared with untreated one. Structural and electrochemical characterizations indicate that the significant enhancement is correlated to the high charge transfer efficiency from nitriding nanosheet products Fe3N. Our report here may provide new insight on the development of high-performance, low-cost and binder-free supercapacitor electrodes for flexible and portable electronic device applications with multiple anions.

Highlights

With rapid growth of global population and high spread of electronic devices, the demanding for energy storage devices and technologies have stimulated high interests towards research and development from academia and industry sectors [1,2]
Much research has been devoted to the usage of stainless steel (SS) served as substrate or collector [6,7,8], little literature is available on the fabrication of SS-based supercapacitor, taking advantages of good supercapacitive performance from Fe2 O3 [9] or Fe3 O4 [10]
After the anodic oxidation process, a homogenous nanoporous structure was obtained from the surface of SS foil

Summary

Introduction

With rapid growth of global population and high spread of electronic devices, the demanding for energy storage devices and technologies have stimulated high interests towards research and development from academia and industry sectors [1,2]. As the forefront of electrical energy storage system, supercapacitor shows prominent advantages such as fast charging/discharging, high power density, and long cycle life [3], making it promising in the area like portable electronics and hybrid electric vehicles [4]. Sagu et al [11] made wire-like nanoporous structure on the surface of bulk SS by anodic oxidation method, for a capacitance of 18 mF·cm−2 in NaOH electrolyte. Long et al [13]

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