Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements for plant, however, its availability is mostly very low in acid soils. It is well documented that application of phosphate rock and organic matter are able to change the level of availability of P-form in acid soils. The objective of the research were to evaluate the changes of P-fractions ( resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) and phosphate rock dissolution which were induced by application of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica, Pueraria javanica, dan Colopogonium mucunoides) and phosphate rock in Utisol Lampung. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with three factors and three replications. The first factor was the types of organic matter (I. cylindrica, P. javanica, and C. mucunoides), the second factor was the rate of organic matter (0, 2.5, and 5%), and the third factor was the rate of phosphate rock (0, 40, and 80 mg P kg-1). The results showed that in the rate of 0 and 1% organic matter, the type of organic matter did not affect P-fraction of NaHCO3-Pi, but in the rate of 2.5 and 5%, NaHCO3-Pi due to application of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides higher than due to application of I. cylindrica. However, the increasing rate of organic matter increased NaHCO3-Pi. Then, P-fraction of Resin-Pi was affected by the type of organic matter, the rate of organic matter, and the rate of phosphate rock, respectively. P-fraction of resin-Pi due to application of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides was higher than due to application of I. cylindrica, but the effect of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides was not different. Increasing the rate of organic matter and phosphate rock increased P-fraction of resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi, but P-fraction of NaHCO3-Po was not affected by all treatments. Meanwhile, dissolution of phosphate rock was affected by the kind of organic matter and soil reaction. In the rate of 5% organic matter, dissolution of phosphate rock by application of I. cylindrica (70%) was higher than P. javanica (26.6%), and C. mucunoides (33.5%), but in the rate of 1%, the effect of I. cylindrica , P. javanica, and C. mucunoides were not different. Keywords: C. mucunoides; I. cylindrica; P. javanica; phosphate rock; P-fractions [ How to Cite : Djuniwati S, B Nugroho, and HB Pulunggono. 2012. The Changes of P-fractions and Solubility of Phosphate Rock in Ultisol Treated by Organic Matter and Phosphate Rock. J Trop Soils , 17: 203-210. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203 ]
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macro nutrients, its availability is very low especially in acid soils, weathered soils, and soil from volcanic material that contains amorphous clay mineral (Allophanes)
The main objective of this research was to study the effects of organic matters types (Imperata cylindrical, Pueraria javanica, dan Colopogonium mucunoides), the rates of organic matters, and rate of P on the availability of P fraction (Pi-resin, P-inorganic and organic NaHCO3) and phosphate rock solubility in Ultisol Lampung
Organic matters were sourced from biomass of alang-alang (I. cylindrical (Ic), leguminous plant P. javanica (Pj), and C. mucunoides (Cm), and phosphate rock (Rock-P) from Ciamis, West Java
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macro nutrients, its availability is very low especially in acid soils, weathered soils, and soil from volcanic material that contains amorphous clay mineral (Allophanes). This low availability is caused by P-fixation in the soils. In soils that highly weathered, it contains dominantly oxide minerals or kaolinite group and forms inorganic-P such as Fe-P and Al-P, while from allophane group forms Al-P. These kinds of P-inorganic forms are the P-forms that insoluble and unavailable
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