Abstract
The ability of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing polymer coatings to prevent biofilm formation is described. NO-releasing coatings on (poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and silicone elastomer (SE)) were fabricated using aminosilane precursors. Pristine PET and SE were oxygen plasma treated, followed by immobilisation of two aminosilane molecules: N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)diethylenetriamine (DET3) and N-(3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl)aniline (PTMSPA). N-diazeniumdiolate nitric oxide donors were formed at the secondary amine sites on the aminosilane molecules producing NO-releasing polymeric coatings. The NO payload and release were controlled by the aminosilane precursor, as DET3 has two secondary amine sites and PTMSPA only one. The antibacterial efficacy of these coatings was tested using a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14). All NO-releasing coatings in this study were shown to significantly reduce P. aeruginosa adhesion over 24 h with the efficacy being a function of the aminosilane modification and the underlying substrate. These NO-releasing polymers demonstrate the potential and utility of this facile coating technique for preventing biofilms for indwelling medical devices.
Highlights
Bacterial adhesion followed by biofilm formation at an implantation site can pose a significant health risk for patients with indwelling medical devices
We look at the antimicrobial efficacy by using overnight cultures of P. aeruginosa allowed to grow for 24 h at pH 7.4 under static conditions
Results and SE were plasma treated to introduce oxygen functionalisation onto the surfaces. This was followed by silanization with the monoamine (PTMSPA) and the triamine (DET3)
Summary
Bacterial adhesion followed by biofilm formation at an implantation site can pose a significant health risk for patients with indwelling medical devices. Within the National Health Service (NHS), approximately 300,000 patients acquire healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) annually, with susceptibility to these increasing when devices are implanted [1]. These HCAIs are of significant economic burden to health services and are linked with increased patient morbidity and mortality [2,3]. Owing to the prevalence of these device-related infections, there has been much focus on developing antimicrobial coatings that can eliminate bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation at the implantation site
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