Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Macromolecular Systems in Anticoagulant Therapeutics

Abstract

AbstractNitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are considered endogenous gaseous signaling molecules that play crucial roles in regulating physiological and pathological pathways. Among these molecules, NO has demonstrated unique advantages and clear efficacy in the treatment of blood coagulation in cardiovascular diseases. As a result, the development of NO‐releasing materials for anticoagulant therapeutics has garnered significant attention. However, unlike traditional anticoagulant treatments such as heparin and oral anticoagulants, NO, a gaseous molecule under ambient conditions, cannot be administered orally, through injection, or via the skin. Consequently, researchers have focused on developing NO‐releasing macromolecular systems by combining various donors with polymeric materials for use in anticoagulant therapeutics. This minireview aims to highlight the methods and advancements in constructing such NO‐releasing macromolecular systems and exploring their applications in anticoagulant therapeutics.