Abstract
Abstract Vanadium incorporated tungstophosphoric acid (TPAV1) supported on silica was synthesized and characterized by BET-surface area, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Laser Raman techniques. Nitration of phenol was studied at room temperature (25 °C) using HNO3 in the presence of 0–20 wt.% TPAV1/SiO2 catalysts taking 1, 2-dichloroethane as solvent. The effects of various parameters such as phenol/HNO3 mole ratio, reaction time, catalyst weight, and stirring speed on the catalyst activity were studied. 8 wt.% TPAV1/SiO2 has shown the best activity, regioselectivity and reusability in the nitration of phenol, with a conversion of 92.6% and o-nitrophenol selectivity of 97.9%.
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