Abstract
In this article we trace the history of nitrites and nitrates from their discovery to their widespread use in clinical medicine. The cardiovascular actions and uses of these molecules [namely endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and exogenous nitroglycerin (NTG)] are described along with their similar mechanisms of action. The major vasodilating effect of both NO and NTG is on muscular arteries with less effect on arterioles and veins. By decreasing arterial stiffness, these agents reduce pulse wave velocity (PWV) and attenuate wave reflection amplitude and duration. These alterations in arterial properties and wave reflection characteristics reduce pulsatile left ventricular (LV) afterload (systolic and pulse blood pressure) and LV wasted energy, which decrease myocardial oxygen requirements. These agents can also increase arteriolar and venous caliber, which decreases distal resistance and increases venous capacity, respectively. These mechanistic effects help to explain the benefit of nitrites and nitrates in control of angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, and systolic hypertension.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
